Indian History Quiz on Freedom Struggle Milestones

Embark on an insightful journey through the pivotal moments that defined India's path to sovereignty. This comprehensive **Indian History Quiz** is meticulously designed to test and enrich your knowledge of the **Freedom Struggle Milestones**. From the early stirrings of resistance to the final declaration of Independence, the quiz covers key dates, movements, and the towering figures who led them. Prepare to challenge yourself with 50 engaging **Indian Independence MCQs** that delve into the heart of the freedom movement, spotlighting the extraordinary contributions of **Freedom Fighters GK Questions** and solidifying your grasp of the entire **Indian Freedom Movement**. It's an essential check for students, history buffs, and anyone keen to appreciate the magnitude of India's struggle for self-rule.

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Test Your Knowledge: 50 Indian History Quiz on Freedom Struggle Milestones

1. Which year was the Indian National Congress (INC) founded?

• A. 1885
• B. 1890
• C. 1905
• D. 1919

2. Who is known as the 'Grand Old Man of India'?

• A. Mahatma Gandhi
• B. Jawaharlal Nehru
• C. Bal Gangadhar Tilak
• D. Dadabhai Naoroji

3. The partition of Bengal took place in which year?

• A. 1904
• B. 1905
• C. 1907
• D. 1911

4. Who established the Ghadar Party in 1913?

• A. Lala Lajpat Rai
• B. Bhagat Singh
• C. Lala Hardayal
• D. V. D. Savarkar

5. The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre occurred in which city?

• A. Amritsar
• B. Lahore
• C. Delhi
• D. Lucknow

6. The Non-Cooperation Movement was launched in which year?

• A. 1918
• B. 1919
• C. 1921
• D. 1920

7. The Chauri Chaura incident led to the withdrawal of which movement?

• A. Civil Disobedience Movement
• B. Non-Cooperation Movement
• C. Quit India Movement
• D. Swadeshi Movement

8. Who coined the slogan 'Swaraj is my birthright, and I shall have it'?

• A. Mahatma Gandhi
• B. Subhas Chandra Bose
• C. Bal Gangadhar Tilak
• D. Bipin Chandra Pal

9. The Simon Commission was appointed in which year?

• A. 1927
• B. 1928
• C. 1929
• D. 1930

10. Who was the first woman President of the Indian National Congress?

• A. Sarojini Naidu
• B. Vijayalakshmi Pandit
• C. Indira Gandhi
• D. Annie Besant

Early Nationalist Movements and Leadership (Q. 11-20)

11. The Dandi March (Salt Satyagraha) was started in which year?

• A. 1930
• B. 1929
• C. 1931
• D. 1932

12. Who founded the 'Forward Bloc' political party?

• A. Chittaranjan Das
• B. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
• C. Subhas Chandra Bose
• D. Jawaharlal Nehru

13. The Round Table Conferences were held in which city?

• A. Delhi
• B. Bombay
• C. Calcutta
• D. London

14. The Poona Pact was signed between Mahatma Gandhi and whom?

• A. Jawaharlal Nehru
• B. B. R. Ambedkar
• C. Muhammad Ali Jinnah
• D. Lord Irwin

15. In which year did the Cripps Mission visit India?

• A. 1942
• B. 1940
• C. 1945
• D. 1939

16. The slogan 'Do or Die' is associated with which movement?

• A. Non-Cooperation Movement
• B. Civil Disobedience Movement
• C. Quit India Movement
• D. Swadeshi Movement

17. Who gave the title of 'Mahatma' to Gandhi?

• A. Rabindranath Tagore
• B. Jawaharlal Nehru
• C. Sardar Patel
• D. Subhas Chandra Bose

18. Who was the Viceroy of India when the Quit India Movement started?

• A. Lord Mountbatten
• B. Lord Wavell
• C. Lord Linlithgow
• D. Lord Reading

19. The Indian Independence Act was passed by the British Parliament in which year?

• A. 1946
• B. 1947
• C. 1945
• D. 1948

20. The name 'Pakistan' was coined by whom?

• A. Muhammad Ali Jinnah
• B. Allama Iqbal
• C. Choudhary Rahmat Ali
• D. Liaquat Ali Khan

Key Events and Constitutional Developments (Q. 21-30)

21. When did the Cabinet Mission arrive in India?

• A. 1945
• B. 1946
• C. 1947
• D. 1942

22. Who was the first Governor-General of independent India?

• A. Lord Mountbatten
• B. C. Rajagopalachari
• C. Jawaharlal Nehru
• D. Rajendra Prasad

23. The Battle of Plassey, often considered a starting point of British rule, was fought in which year?

• A. 1764
• B. 1761
• C. 1750
• D. 1757

24. Who was the revolutionary hanged alongside Bhagat Singh and Sukhdev?

• A. Chandrashekhar Azad
• B. Ram Prasad Bismil
• C. Rajguru
• D. Ashfaqulla Khan

25. The revolt of 1857 started from which place?

• A. Meerut
• B. Kanpur
• C. Lucknow
• D. Delhi

26. Who was the leader of the Revolt of 1857 in Kanpur?

• A. Begum Hazrat Mahal
• B. Nana Saheb
• C. Rani Lakshmibai
• D. Tantia Tope

27. The Morley-Minto Reforms were introduced in which year?

• A. 1905
• B. 1919
• C. 1907
• D. 1909

28. The famous Lucknow Pact was signed between the INC and the Muslim League in which year?

• A. 1905
• B. 1910
• C. 1916
• D. 1920

29. Who led the Bardoli Satyagraha in 1928?

• A. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
• B. Mahatma Gandhi
• C. Jawaharlal Nehru
• D. Rajendra Prasad

30. The Lahore Session of the INC, which passed the resolution for 'Poorna Swaraj' (Complete Independence), was held in which year?

• A. 1928
• B. 1929
• C. 1930
• D. 1931

Revolutionary Heroes and Their Contributions (Q. 31-40)

31. Who was the only Indian to be appointed Governor-General of India?

• A. Lord Mountbatten
• B. Jawaharlal Nehru
• C. C. Rajagopalachari
• D. Rajendra Prasad

32. The Champaran Satyagraha, the first of Gandhi's in India, was against the cultivation of which crop?

• A. Cotton
• B. Opium
• C. Jute
• D. Indigo

33. The August Offer of 1940 was proposed by which Viceroy?

• A. Lord Linlithgow
• B. Lord Wavell
• C. Lord Irwin
• D. Lord Mountbatten

34. The Simla Conference (1945) was convened by which Viceroy?

• A. Lord Linlithgow
• B. Lord Wavell
• C. Lord Mountbatten
• D. Lord Curzon

35. Who founded the Indian Home Rule Society in London in 1905?

• A. Madam Bhikaji Cama
• B. Lala Hardayal
• C. Shyamji Krishna Varma
• D. V. D. Savarkar

36. The famous trial of the Indian National Army (INA) officers took place at which fort?

• A. Red Fort, Delhi
• B. Agra Fort
• C. Lahore Fort
• D. Victoria Memorial, Kolkata

37. Who gave the call 'Dilli Chalo' (March to Delhi)?

• A. Mahatma Gandhi
• B. Jawaharlal Nehru
• C. Bhagat Singh
• D. Subhas Chandra Bose

38. The Rowlatt Act was passed in which year?

• A. 1918
• B. 1919
• C. 1920
• D. 1921

39. Who among the following was the President of the INC at the time of India's independence?

• A. J. B. Kripalani
• B. Jawaharlal Nehru
• C. Sardar Patel
• D. Rajendra Prasad

40. When did the first Constituent Assembly meeting take place?

• A. August 15, 1947
• B. January 26, 1950
• C. December 9, 1946
• D. November 26, 1949

Path to Independence and Post-Partition Milestones (Q. 41-50)

41. The Government of India Act of 1935 established which feature at the provincial level?

• A. Provincial Autonomy
• B. Dyarchy
• C. Separate Electorates
• D. Full Dominion Status

42. Who led the 'Red Shirts' (Khudai Khidmatgar) movement?

• A. Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
• B. Shaukat Ali
• C. Muhammad Ali Jinnah
• D. Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan

43. Which movement saw women's participation at its peak, led by figures like Kasturba Gandhi and Sarojini Naidu?

• A. Non-Cooperation Movement
• B. Civil Disobedience Movement
• C. Quit India Movement
• D. Swadeshi Movement

44. Who was the architect of the Indian Constitution?

• A. Jawaharlal Nehru
• B. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
• C. B. R. Ambedkar
• D. Rajendra Prasad

45. The adoption of the Indian Constitution took place on which date?

• A. November 26, 1949
• B. January 26, 1950
• C. August 15, 1947
• D. December 9, 1946

46. The first President of independent India was?

• A. Jawaharlal Nehru
• B. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
• C. C. Rajagopalachari
• D. Rajendra Prasad

47. Who chaired the Boundary Commission for the partition of India?

• A. Lord Mountbatten
• B. Cyril Radcliffe
• C. Jawaharlal Nehru
• D. Muhammad Ali Jinnah

48. The phrase 'A nation in the making' is attributed to which leader?

• A. Mahatma Gandhi
• B. Jawaharlal Nehru
• C. Surendranath Banerjee
• D. Bal Gangadhar Tilak

49. Who founded the Arya Samaj in 1875?

• A. Dayananda Saraswati
• B. Raja Ram Mohan Roy
• C. Swami Vivekananda
• D. Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar

50. When was the Purna Swaraj Day (Complete Independence Day) first celebrated?

• A. December 31, 1929
• B. August 15, 1947
• C. January 26, 1947
• D. January 26, 1930

Congratulations on completing the **Indian History Quiz**! This set of **Indian Independence MCQs** not only serves as a self-assessment tool but also highlights the complexity and scale of the **Indian Freedom Movement**. By engaging with these **Freedom Struggle Milestones**, you gain a deeper appreciation for the sacrifices made by countless **Freedom Fighters** and the strategic brilliance that underpinned their struggle. Your performance in this **GK Quiz** underscores the critical importance of continuous learning about this transformative period. This deep dive into Indian history is essential for understanding modern India, reminding us that freedom wasn't a gift but a hard-won victory achieved through decades of relentless effort and non-violent, as well as revolutionary, resistance.

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Deep Dive into the Indian Freedom Movement: Key Milestones and Leaders

The **Indian Freedom Movement** is one of the most significant and inspiring chapters in world history. It was a long, protracted struggle that spanned nearly a century, characterized by both non-violent resistance and revolutionary fervor. Understanding the key **Freedom Struggle Milestones** and the roles of the **Freedom Fighters** is crucial for grasping the socio-political evolution of the subcontinent. This article will further explore the foundational phases, pivotal moments, and lasting legacies of the movement that led to **Indian Independence** in 1947.

The Emergence of Organized Nationalism (1885-1905)

The year **1885** marked a crucial turning point with the formation of the **Indian National Congress (INC)**. Initially, the INC comprised moderate leaders who believed in constitutional agitation and petitioning the British. Figures like **Dadabhai Naoroji**, the 'Grand Old Man of India', **Gopal Krishna Gokhale**, and **Surendranath Banerjee** advocated for political reforms and greater representation for Indians in the administration. This phase laid the groundwork for a unified national platform. The goal was self-rule within the British Empire, reflecting an early, cautious approach to the larger question of **Indian Independence**.

The Moderates primarily focused on administrative and constitutional reforms, believing that the British sense of justice would eventually grant Indians their rights. This early strategy proved vital for political mobilization and awareness.

The Rise of Extremism and the Partition of Bengal (1905-1915)

The British decision to partition Bengal in **1905** on the pretext of administrative efficiency ignited widespread outrage and spurred the rise of the Extremist faction within the INC. Leaders like **Bal Gangadhar Tilak**, **Lala Lajpat Rai**, and **Bipin Chandra Pal** (the 'Lal-Bal-Pal' trio) advocated for **Swaraj** (self-rule) as a birthright and emphasized methods like **Swadeshi** (boycott of foreign goods) and passive resistance. The **Swadeshi Movement** became a mass movement, successfully pressuring the British to annul the partition in 1911. This period solidified the idea of direct action as a core component of the **Freedom Struggle Milestones**.

"Swaraj is my birthright, and I shall have it!" - Bal Gangadhar Tilak. This slogan perfectly encapsulated the growing militant nationalism that characterized the Extremist phase of the Indian Freedom Movement.

The Swadeshi Movement

A crucial turning point, emphasizing economic self-reliance and the rejection of British manufactured goods. It fostered industrial growth and cultural pride.

The Formation of the Muslim League

Established in 1906, it initially sought to protect the rights of Muslims, but later became central to the demand for a separate state.

Ghadar Party's Efforts

Founded by **Lala Hardayal** abroad in 1913, this revolutionary group aimed to incite a pan-Indian revolt against British rule, highlighting the international dimension of the struggle.

The Gandhian Era and Mass Movements (1915-1947)

The return of **Mahatma Gandhi** to India in 1915 ushered in the most impactful phase of the **Indian Freedom Movement**. Gandhi's philosophy of **Satyagraha** (truth force) revolutionized the struggle, transforming it from an elite movement into a mass mobilization campaign. Key milestones during this period include:

1. **Champaran, Kheda, and Ahmedabad Satyagrahas (1917-1918):** Gandhi's initial, localized successes against local oppression, demonstrating the power of non-violent resistance.
2. **Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-1922):** Launched in response to the **Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (1919)**, it called for the boycott of British institutions. It was withdrawn after the violent **Chauri Chaura** incident.
3. **Civil Disobedience Movement (1930-1934):** Highlighted by the iconic **Dandi March** (Salt Satyagraha), challenging the oppressive salt laws and drawing massive participation, including women.
4. **Quit India Movement (1942):** The final, decisive call for the British to leave India, with the powerful slogan **'Do or Die'**. Despite massive repression, it signalled the irreversible end of the Raj.

While non-violence was the dominant creed, revolutionary activities led by **Bhagat Singh**, **Sukhdev**, **Rajguru**, and **Chandrashekhar Azad** played a critical parallel role, inspiring fear in the colonial administration and deep patriotism in the youth. Their sacrifices are vital **Freedom Fighters GK Questions** material.

Towards Independence and Partition

The post-World War II environment saw the British realizing the inevitability of withdrawal. The **Cabinet Mission Plan (1946)** aimed to transfer power, but the political deadlock between the INC and the Muslim League, led by Muhammad Ali Jinnah, over the question of a separate state intensified. Lord Mountbatten's plan led to the division of British India into two sovereign states, India and Pakistan, a defining, yet tragic, moment among the **Freedom Struggle Milestones**.

On **August 15, 1947**, India attained **Indian Independence**. The immense challenge of integrating princely states and framing the Constitution began immediately, with **Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel** playing a monumental role in unification, and **Dr. B. R. Ambedkar** steering the drafting of the Constitution, which was adopted on **November 26, 1949**.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

**Q: What is the significance of the Purna Swaraj declaration?**

A: The Purna Swaraj (Complete Independence) resolution, passed at the Lahore Session of the INC in 1929, completely shifted the movement's goal from Dominion Status to total independence. It led to the first 'Independence Day' celebration on January 26, 1930, marking the formal commitment of the **Indian Freedom Movement**.

**Q: How did the Government of India Act, 1935 influence the Freedom Struggle?**

A: The Act granted provincial autonomy and introduced federal principles, giving Indians valuable experience in self-governance through provincial elections. Though flawed, it formed the structural blueprint for much of the later Constitution.

**Q: Who were the key female Freedom Fighters?**

A: Women played a pivotal role. Key figures include **Sarojini Naidu** (first Indian woman President of INC), **Kasturba Gandhi**, **Kamala Devi Chattopadhyay**, and revolutionary figures like **Kalpana Datta** and **Rani Gaidinliu**. Their contributions are important aspects of **Freedom Fighters GK Questions**.

Key Takeaways on the Indian Freedom Movement

• **Diversity of Methods:** The struggle was a tapestry of constitutional agitation, non-violent civil disobedience, and armed revolution.
• **Leadership:** The movement saw the rise of global figures like Gandhi and Nehru, and regional heroes who mobilized local support.
• **Mass Mobilization:** The ability to draw millions of ordinary Indians, from peasants to professionals, was its ultimate strength.
• **Constitutional Foundation:** The leaders laid a strong foundation for a democratic, secular republic, reflected in the Constitution.
• **Sacrifice:** The immense personal sacrifices of the **Freedom Fighters** remain the most enduring legacy of the struggle for **Indian Independence**.

Conclusion

Revisiting the **Indian History Quiz** and delving into the detailed account of the **Freedom Struggle Milestones** provides not just historical facts but also profound lessons in persistence, political strategy, and ethical leadership. The journey to **Indian Independence** was a multi-faceted campaign driven by dedicated **Freedom Fighters** and mass participation, ultimately culminating in the birth of a nation. This chapter in history serves as an eternal source of inspiration, urging every citizen to uphold the democratic values secured through such an arduous **Indian Freedom Movement**.